The spun concrete products (poles and piles) offers an improved technology that combines the benefits of centrifugal casting with those of prestressing and high strength concrete in the manufacturing process. Spinning is the highlight of the manufacturing process. During spinning the fresh concrete is subjected to very high centrifugal forces that compact the material against the interior of the steel mold and expel excess water in the mix. The overall porosity of the material is therefore reduced, and as a result the hardened concrete is exceptionally dense and is high strength. The higher strength is attributed mainly due to the lower w/c and the higher density of the concrete after spinning.
MATERIAL
The Poles are designed as member subjected primarily to flexure. Axial load effects should be considered since large considered since large secondary moments may occur due to the deflection of the pole. In the case of guyed poles, the axial loads may be large enough that the pole should be treated as a compression member. Shear and torsion may be significant in some cases but seldom control the design.
The piles are designed as member subjected to axial and flexure. Both axial load and flexure should be considered together because this component is used as part of the foundation, and they support the gravity load as well as the lateral loads which cause bending and shear action on it (earthquake). The codes used as the standard design are JIS A 5335, ACI 543, and Indonesian Concrete Codes (PBI).
Currently concrete design strength range from 50 to 65 MPa. In many cases; however, spun cylinders are made to take advantage of the increased compressive strength due to spinning. The reinforcing steel cage is composed of main and secondary steel. High strength, wire prestressing strand or prestressing wire oriented in the longitudinal direction comprise the main steel reinforcement. Closely spaced spiral steel wire wrapped around the strands provides the necessary secondary reinforcement. The spiral reinforcement, which is normally 5-mm diameter, with yield strength up to 400 MPa, is needed to resist temperature stresses, transfer forces at end parts, and contribute to the torsion and shear strength of the member.
The spun prestressed concrete pole and pile.
they are made in the similar procedure and process of production. The difference between pole and pile is only in the physical dimension and their function/ application. The pole usually has different diameter on the top and the bottom part (conical shape), while the pile has the same diameter for the whole part (cylindrical shape). The pole is an upper ground structure, while the pile is an underground structure. The applications of the pole include decorative street lighting, distribution poles, rail electrification, support for high voltage transmission poles, communication towers, and wind turbine support structure. The pile is used as a deep foundation.
DELIVERY
Truck transportation is the most common method used to haul the concrete poles and piles to the jobsite. Rail and barge are also utilized when feasible or necessary. At the jobsite a crane removes them from the truck using a spread yoke or spreader bar. Typically a two-point pickup are provided to handle poles and piles by crane in horizontal position; however, during erection they are usually handled from one-point pickup at or the center of gravity.
Segmental construction is also used and preferred where it is difficult to transport the full length member or when the poles are to be erected in the congested areas. The poles and piles are made of shorter segments and then assembled at the site using one of several splicing methods.
